Health promotion is a positively related to reducing the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, metabolic disorders, and bone diseases; whereas an inability to maintain exercise is well known to be associated with increase in these diseases [1]. Recently, the emergence of the concept of well-being has resulted in the increasing interest in the maintenance or enhancement of exercise performance [2,3]. For improving exercise performance, there are many dietary supplements, including amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and botanicals or mushrooms [4]. Among numerous medicinal mushrooms, Cordyceps militaris is considered as the valuable mushroom because of their various health benefits, including anti-cancer [5], immune modulating [6], anti-aging [7], anti-viral and anti-bacterial [8], and anti-fatigue effects [9]. However, the influence of C. militaris on enhancing exercise performance as well as its underlying mechanism has yet to be proven in animal models. The exercise performance is correlated with recovery of muscle fatigue, endurance, and activating the neuromuscular system [10,11]. To evaluating of muscle fatigue or endurance in animals, there is usually the measurement of the specific enzymatic activity and/or biochemical analysis in blood samples. These biomarkers are related to muscle damage or fatigue and energy metabolism, such as creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), insulin-responsive glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and TCA cycle, lipid metabolism, and electron transport chain-involved oxidative enzymes [12–14]. The purpose of present study is to evaluate the effect on improving exercise performance of C. militaris ethanol extract (CMEE) in mice during the grip strength test. In addition, we have analyzed the several biochemical biomarkers, such as blood concentrations of LDH, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), BUN, creatine, phosphocreatine, adenosine-50-thriphosphate (ATP), GLUT4, PDH, AMPK, and peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor-c (PPAR-c), involved in the muscle fatigue and the energy production or metabolism pathway during exercise.
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